Software Libero

giovedì 28 marzo 2013

Overview of current cyber attacks

http://www.sicherheitstacho.eu/?lang=en

mercoledì 13 febbraio 2013

Physical to virtual (P2V) GNU/Linux step by step

Hi,
I'm trying to migrate from physical machine to virtual machine GNU/Linux with KVM, continuing keeping running the physical machine during the virtualization (and thus minimization the downtime).
(still working in progress, but...)

Script to create the virtual disk with 2 partitions:

#!/bin/bash
set -e
if [ ! $UID -eq 0 ] ; then
 echo "You are not root"
 exit 1
fi
DEFAULT=5 # GB
ROOTSIZEGB=${1:-$DEFAULT}
ROOTSIZEB=$((ROOTSIZEGB * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 )) # bytes
ROOTSIZEs=$((ROOTSIZEB  / 512                )) # sector

SWAPSIZEGB=4 # GB
SWAPSIZEB=$((SWAPSIZEGB * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 )) # bytes
SWAPSIZEs=$((SWAPSIZEB  / 512                )) # sector

# 4K alignment:
#OFFSETKB=64 # KB
OFFSETKB=1024 # KB
OFFSETB=$((OFFSETKB * 1024 )) # bytes
OFFSETs=$((OFFSETB  / 512  )) # sector

DEFAULT=1
N=${2:-$DEFAULT}
LOOP=/dev/loop$N
VDISK=disk-0$N.bin
LOGFILE=$VDISK.log

if [ -f $VDISK ] ; then
   echo "$VDISK already exists!"
   echo "usage: $0 GBsize LOOPdevice"
   ls -lh $VDISK
   mount | grep $LOOP
   echo "# umount /mnt/$VDISK"
   losetup -a
   echo "# losetup -d $LOOP"
   exit 1
fi

echo "Virtual file system : $VDISK : $ROOTSIZEGB GB / + $SWAPSIZEGB swap mounted on $LOOP"
echo "Ok? (CTRL-C to quit, ENTER to continue)"
read ANSWER

CMD="qemu-img create -f raw $VDISK $((OFFSETB + ROOTSIZEB + SWAPSIZEB))"
echo "--------" | tee -a $LOGFILE
echo $CMD | tee -a $LOGFILE
echo "--------" | tee -a $LOGFILE
$CMD

#CMD="$OFFSETs,$ROOTSIZEs,83\n$((OFFSETs + ROOTSIZEs)),$((SWAPSIZEs - OFFSETs)),82"
CMD="$OFFSETs,$ROOTSIZEs,83\n$((OFFSETs + ROOTSIZEs)),,82"
echo "--------" | tee -a $LOGFILE
echo -e "$CMD  | sfdisk -S 32 -uS $VDISK" | tee -a $LOGFILE
echo "--------" | tee -a $LOGFILE
echo -e "$CMD" | sfdisk -S 32 -uS $VDISK  > /dev/null 2>&1

# check:
echo "--------" | tee -a $LOGFILE
sfdisk -l -S 32 -uS $VDISK | tee -a $LOGFILE
echo "--------" | tee -a $LOGFILE

LOOPSWAP=/dev/loop7
CMD="losetup --offset $(( OFFSETB + ROOTSIZEB )) $LOOPSWAP $VDISK"
echo -e "--------\n$CMD\n--------" | tee -a $LOGFILE
$CMD
mkswap $LOOPSWAP
sleep 1
losetup -d $LOOPSWAP

mkdir -p /mnt/$VDISK
CMD="losetup --offset $OFFSETB $LOOP $VDISK"
echo -e "--------\n$CMD\n--------" | tee -a $LOGFILE
$CMD

CMD="mkfs.ext4 -O uninit_bg,filetype,extent,dir_index -L KVM $LOOP"
echo -e "--------\n$CMD\n--------" | tee -a $LOGFILE
$CMD > /dev/null 2>&1

CMD="mount $LOOP /mnt/$VDISK"
echo -e "--------\n$CMD\n--------" | tee -a $LOGFILE
$CMD

#grub-install --force --boot-directory=/mnt/test-sda/ --no-floppy $LOOP
echo "At the end...:"
echo "umount $LOOP ; losetup -d $LOOP" | tee -a $LOGFILE

Clone physical machine:

cd /mnt/$VDISK
rsync -e ssh -au -numeric-ids --stats -h --exclude /proc --exclude /tmp --exclude /dev --exclude /sys root@REMOTEHOST:/ /mnt/$VDISK/

Chroot to VM:

mount --bind /dev/ /mnt/$VDISK/dev/
mount -t devpts pts /mnt/$VDISK/dev/pts/
mount -t tmpfs none /mnt/$VDISK/dev/shm/
mount -t proc none /mnt/$VDISK/proc/
mount -t sysfs sys /mnt/$VDISK/sys/
chroot /mnt/test/sda

Fix mtab and fstab:

vim /etc/mtab
vim /etc/fstab

Rebuild initramdisk:

mkinitrd ...

Install grub:

grub-install $LOOP

Umounting virtual image:

exit
cd ..
umount /mnt/$VDISK/sys/
umount /mnt/$VDISK/proc/
umount /mnt/$VDISK/dev/shm
umount /mnt/$VDISK/dev/pts
umount /mnt/$VDISK/dev/
umount /mnt/$VDISK/
losetup -d $LOOP

Run virtual machine:

kvm -name VMclone -m 4096 -cpu kvm32 -monitor stdio -kernel boot/vmlinuz -append "root=/dev/sda1" -initrd initrd.img $VDISK

grub:

linux /boot/vmlinux... root=/dev/sda1
initrd /boot/initrd....
boot

Continua a leggere...»

venerdì 9 marzo 2012

Brevetti, un punto di vista storico

Articoli contro i brevetti:
http://torrentfreak.com/history-shows-that-copyright-monopolies-prevent-creativity-and-innovation-120205/

http://christianengstrom.wordpress.com/2011/03/09/an-alternative-to-pharmaceutical-patents/

domenica 29 gennaio 2012

Bash tips

Bash tips:

http://www.quora.com/Linux/What-are-some-time-saving-tips-that-every-Linux-user-should-know

giovedì 5 gennaio 2012

No such file or directory but file exists SOLVED

At least I have resolved the problem:

:[~]$ LANGUAGE=C ./lmgrd

-bash: ./lmgrd: No such file or directory

:[~]$ file ./lmgrd

./lmgrd: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, stripped

:[~]$ ls -l ./lmgrd

-rwxrwxrwx ./lmgrd*

:[~]$ strace ./lmgrd

execve("./lmgrd", ["./lmgrd"], [/* 100 vars */]) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

dup(2) = 3

fcntl(3, F_GETFL) = 0x8002 (flags O_RDWR|O_LARGEFILE)

fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 5), ...}) = 0

mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9082bf3000

lseek(3, 0, SEEK_CUR) = -1 ESPIPE (Illegal seek)

write(3, "strace: exec: No such file or di"..., 40strace: exec: No such file or directory

) = 40

close(3) = 0

munmap(0x7f9082bf3000, 4096) = 0

exit_group(1) = ?

:[~]$ ldd ./lmgrd

linux-gate.so.1 => (0xf7710000)

libpthread.so.0 => /lib32/libpthread.so.0 (0xf76be000)

libm.so.6 => /lib32/libm.so.6 (0xf7694000)

libgcc_s.so.1 => /usr/lib32/libgcc_s.so.1 (0xf7675000)

libc.so.6 => /lib32/libc.so.6 (0xf74fb000)

libdl.so.2 => /lib32/libdl.so.2 (0xf74f6000)

/lib/ld-lsb.so.3 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xf7711000)

:[~]$ LANGUAGE=C ls -l /lib/ld-lsb.so.3

ls: cannot access /lib/ld-lsb.so.3: No such file or directory

root@niels:/lib# ln -s ld-linux.so.2 ld-lsb.so.3

:[~]$ ./lmgrd

20:53:22 (lmgrd) -----------------------------------------------

20:53:22 (lmgrd) Please Note:

20:53:22 (lmgrd)

20:53:22 (lmgrd) This log is intended for debug purposes only.

IT WORKS!

But why ldd lie?

martedì 3 gennaio 2012

tcpdump

tcpdump -l -s0 -w - tcp dst port 80 | strings | egrep "(Host:|Referer:)" | tee -a website-tracing.txt

lunedì 2 gennaio 2012

Calendario 2012

pcal -S -B -p -P a4 -o calendario-2012.ps -M -F Monday -E -J -a IT 12 ; evince calendario-2012.ps